我们星球上的生命 第一季 第六集 Life on Our Planet S01E06 灰烬中重生

阅读次数 0
  1. It's winter...
    冬天到了
  2. but like none the world has ever known.
    但这与史上任何一个冬天都不同
  3. This is a post-apocalyptic winter.
    这是大灾变之后的冬天
  4. Sixty-six million years ago,
    6600万年前
  5. and the world has all but been destroyed by a cataclysmic event.
    世界几乎被一场灾难性事件摧毁
  6. This is the story of the fall of the dinosaurs...
    本集讲述恐龙衰落…
  7. and the rise from the ashes of the survivors
    以及幸存者从灰烬中崛起的故事
  8. who would inherit the Earth.
    它们将成为地球的继承者
  9. Our story begins in the Cretaceous period...
    故事开始于白垩纪
  10. ...on a day that would change the course of history.
    这一天将改变历史的进程
  11. For Edmontosaurus in North America, it's nesting season.
    对于北美的埃德蒙顿龙而言 这是筑巢的季节
  12. As usual, this female must tend to her hungry young...
    如往常一样 这只母龙必须照顾自己饥饿的幼崽
  13. ...giving them the best possible start in life.
    让它们有一个尽可能好的起点
  14. A thousand kilometers south,
    向南1000公里
  15. an adult tyrannosaur...
    一头成年暴龙
  16. ...is teaching her offspring the art of the hunt.
    正在向后代传授狩猎的艺术
  17. But they're a little impatient.
    但它们有点不耐烦
  18. The youngsters still have a lot to learn.
    幼龙还有许多东西要学
  19. Perhaps they'll have more luck tomorrow.
    也许它们明天的运气会好一些
  20. To the west, a herd of Alamosaurus...
    在西边 一群阿♥拉♥摩龙
  21. ...some of the largest dinosaurs to have ever lived,
    它们是史上体型最大的恐龙之一
  22. begin their day as they have for generations,
    享受着娇嫩的松芽 开始了新的一天
  23. enjoying tender pine shoots.
    世世代代皆是如此
  24. Below the waves, off the coast of Africa,
    非洲海岸边的海浪之下
  25. the oceans are bountiful, bursting with life...
    海洋丰饶 充满生机
  26. a realm dominated by huge marine reptiles.
    这是一个 被巨大海洋爬行动物主宰的国度
  27. Along with the dinosaurs,
    与恐龙一起
  28. they have ruled planet Earth for a staggering 150 million years.
    它们已统治地球长达1.5亿年
  29. But today will be a day like no other.
    但今天是一个特别的日子
  30. An asteroid the size of Mount Everest
    一个大小如珠穆朗玛峰的小行星
  31. is tumbling towards Earth at 100,000 kilometers per hour.
    正以每小时10万公里的速度坠向地球
  32. Its impact will change the world forever...
    撞击将永远改变世界
  33. ...unleashing the power of a billion atomic bombs...
    释放出十亿颗原♥子♥弹♥的能量
  34. setting in motion a devastating chain of events.
    引发毁灭性的连锁反应
  35. First comes a deadly blast of thermal radiation.
    首先是一次致命的热辐射爆♥炸♥
  36. Every living thing within a thousand kilometers
    一千公里范围内的一切生物
  37. is vaporized in a matter of seconds.
    在几秒钟内汽化
  38. The planet's crust buckles from the impact,
    地壳因撞击而变形
  39. sending seismic shock waves around the world.
    地震冲击波传遍全球
  40. In mere minutes...
    仅仅几分钟之后
  41. ...off-the-scale earthquakes rock the globe.
    全球爆发大地震
  42. For the Alamosaurus...
    对于阿♥拉♥摩龙来说
  43. this is just the beginning.
    这只是一个开始
  44. The earthquakes trigger a series of giant waves
    地震引发一系列巨浪
  45. that rip through seas and inland lakes.
    席卷海洋和内陆湖泊
  46. Huge surges of water sweep across North America.
    洪水横扫北美
  47. The rapidly rising torrent is impossible to withstand,
    迅速上升的洪流无法抵挡
  48. even for the mightiest.
    即便对最强大的生物 亦是如此
  49. Less than an hour after impact,
    撞击之后不到一小时
  50. debris ejected into space
    喷射到太空的碎片
  51. is pulled back to Earth by gravity.
    被地心引力拉回地球
  52. On re-entry, it turns scorching red-hot.
    重新进入大气层时 变得炽热鲜红
  53. The super-heated atmosphere advances like a fiery hell.
    极热的大气层如燃烧的炼狱一般
  54. On the ground,
    在地上
  55. it's like standing under a 400-degree grill.
    就像站在400度的烤架上
  56. Animals are slowly cooked alive.
    动物慢慢地被活活烧熟
  57. To make matters worse, the rock debris starts to rain down.
    更糟糕的是岩石碎片 开始如雨点般落下
  58. Less than two hours after impact,
    撞击之后不到两小时
  59. the firestorm of choking dust has enveloped half the planet.
    窒息粉尘的火焰风暴已笼罩半个地球
  60. It's so hot,
    温度很高
  61. trees burst into flames.
    树木燃起火焰
  62. The growing inferno is impossible to escape.
    不断蔓延的炼狱 无法逃脱
  63. Nothing can save them now.
    现在谁都救不了它们
  64. The great reign of the dinosaurs,
    伟大的恐龙帝国
  65. over in a single day.
    一天之内 灰飞烟灭
  66. The oceans were just as devastated as the land.
    海洋与陆地一样惨遭蹂躏
  67. Sulfur-rich dust poured down as acid rain.
    富含硫的尘埃倾泻而下 形成酸雨
  68. Ancient reefs were obliterated.
    古老的珊瑚礁被夷平
  69. The web of life collapsed,
    生命之网崩溃
  70. killing off the great marine reptiles.
    大型海洋爬行动物灭绝
  71. Their bodies
    它们的尸体
  72. provided a lifeline for scavengers, searching out death in the deep.
    为在深海寻找死尸的食腐动物 提供了一线生机
  73. Arthropods.
    节肢动物
  74. Sharks.
    鲨鱼
  75. Away from the carnage of the asteroid,
    远离小行星的大屠♥杀♥
  76. many life-forms survived,
    许多生物幸存了下来
  77. devouring the immense carcasses...
    吞食着巨大的尸体
  78. feasting on extinction.
    在灭绝中享用盛宴
  79. But back on the surface,
    但是在地表
  80. the picture couldn't have been more different.
    却完全是另一幅画面
  81. For years after the impact,
    撞击之后的许多年里
  82. Earth looked dead.
    地球一片死寂
  83. The forests,
    森林
  84. the plains...
    平原
  85. the mountains...
    高山
  86. lifeless.
    死气沉沉
  87. But as the dust cloud dispersed...
    但是随着尘埃云散去
  88. and the light finally returned...
    阳光终于回来
  89. it became clear that all was not lost.
    原来生命并未完全灭绝
  90. The insects were some of the first to emerge...
    最早出现的有昆虫
  91. feeding on the fallen.
    以死尸为食
  92. Survivors were protected by burrows...
    保护幸存者的有洞穴
  93. cocoons...
  94. and armored bodies.
    以及甲壳
  95. Sheltering below ground...
    有一些爬行动物
  96. some reptiles survived too.
    在地下避难 也活了下来
  97. Beneath the surface of river deltas and wetlands,
    河流三角洲和湿地的表面之下
  98. others were also shielded from the mayhem.
    还有一些动物幸存下来
  99. The amphibians.
    两膝动物
  100. With little food around,
    由于食物稀缺
  101. only small creatures had made it...
    只有小型生物才活了下来
  102. including from our dynasty,
    包括我们的王朝的动物
  103. the mammals.
    哺乳动物
  104. They'd inherited a planet free of dinosaurs.
    它们继承了一个没有恐龙的地球
  105. Or so it seemed.
    至少看似如此
  106. Against the odds,
    尽管情况对其非常不利
  107. another group of animals had also clung on...
    但另一群动物也坚持了下来
  108. ...protected by their very own life-support capsules.
    它们受到自己的救生舱的保护
  109. Remarkably,
    令人惊讶的是
  110. inside them
    在救生舱内部的
  111. was a type of dinosaur.
    是一种恐龙
  112. More specifically, an avian dinosaur...
    更具体地说 是一种禽类恐龙
  113. otherwise known as the birds.
    又名“鸟类”
  114. Before the apocalypse,
    在大灾变之前
  115. there had been hundreds of ancient species living in the trees,
    树上居住着数百种古老的物种
  116. all wiped out when the forests burned.
    森林被烧毁时 全部灭绝
  117. But a handful of ground-dwelling birds did make it through.
    但少数栖息在地面上的鸟类 幸存了下来
  118. These survivors were kept warm by feathers...
    这些幸存者靠羽毛保暖
  119. and were self-sufficient from their first breath...
    一出生就能自给自足
  120. able to live on insects and seeds
    以昆虫和种子为食
  121. and capable of walking within hours.
    而且出生之后几小时就能行走
  122. Sixty-six million years ago,
    6600万年前
  123. birds had become the last remaining branch of the dinosaur family tree.
    鸟类成为恐龙族谱中仅存的一支
  124. From such humble creatures,
    从这些不起眼的生物中
  125. a great dynasty would rise.
    一个伟大的王朝将会崛起
  126. But their incredible story
    但它们不可思议的故事
  127. first began long, long before the asteroid.
    其实在小行星撞击之前很久就开始了
  128. The Jurassic.
    侏罗纪
  129. An era of giants.
    巨型动物的时代
  130. But this lost world of vertical cliffs
    但这个由陡峭悬崖组成的失落世界
  131. was shaping a smaller breed of creature.
    正在形成一种较小的生物
  132. It lived in a dangerous realm.
    它生活在一个危险的王国
  133. To survive, it had evolved in an extraordinary new way.
    为了生存 它以一种非凡的新方式进化
  134. This is Anchiornis.
    这是近鸟龙
  135. She's a small, feathered dinosaur...
    是一种有羽毛的小型恐龙
  136. ...with needle-sharp teeth for hunting insects.
    锋利的牙齿 用于捕食昆虫
  137. But she, too, is being hunted.
    但它也是别人的猎物
  138. A juvenile Sinraptor.
    一只年少的中华盗龙
  139. And he's hungry.
    饥肠辘辘
  140. Anchiornis is slow and clumsy.
    近鸟龙缓慢而笨拙
  141. The Sinraptor has her cornered.
    中华盗龙将它逼至绝境
  142. But Anchiornis...
    但是近鸟龙
  143. ...has run here for a reason.
    跑来这里是有原因的
  144. She can fly.
    它会飞
  145. One small step for a dinosaur,
    恐龙一小步
  146. but one giant leap for life on Earth.
    地球生物一大步
  147. With these early gliders,
    通过这些早期的滑翔者
  148. a new dynasty was born.
    一个新的王朝诞生了
  149. And it was flight that would help their descendants stay alive
    在小行星撞击地球之后的时代
  150. in the era after the asteroid.
    飞行的本领 将帮助它们的后代存活下去
  151. Today,
    现如今
  152. there's a place where we can see how that story may have played out.
    有一个地方 也许可以展示这个故事的发展
  153. It's a harsh, desolate world.
    这是一个荒凉的世界
  154. Four thousand meters up, the Altiplano desert in Chile...
    海拔四千米的智利阿尔蒂普拉诺沙漠
  155. a landscape where almost nothing can live.
    几乎没有生物能在这里生存
  156. But one group of animals has found a way to survive here.
    但有一群动物 找到了在这里生存的方法
  157. The birds.
  158. Like those that evolved after the asteroid...
    像小行星撞击后进化出的鸟类一样
  159. ...flamingos have taken the gliding skills of the first avian dinosaurs...
    火烈鸟掌握了 最早的禽类恐龙的滑翔技能
  160. ...and created a new kind of flight.
    并创造出一种新的飞行方式
  161. A revolution in the air.
    这是一场天空中的革命
  162. Wings that have been modified to flap.
    翅膀变得能够挥动
  163. This is powered flight,
    这是有动力飞行
  164. and it allows flamingos to travel in search of food...
    令火烈鸟能够飞行以寻找食物
  165. just as birds did millions of years ago.
    就像数百万年前的鸟类那样
  166. Feathers, that first evolved to keep dinosaurs warm,
    羽毛最初进化是为帮助恐龙保暖
  167. have become specialized for aerial mastery.
    如今已变成驾驭天空的专用工具
  168. And that's not the only change.
    这还不只是唯一的变化
  169. Teeth have been replaced by beaks...
    牙齿被喙取代
  170. ...that allow them to feed on new diets.
    使其能够以新的食物为食
  171. But advances in feeding and flight alone
    但仅靠进食与飞行上的进步
  172. were not enough to ensure the future of the birds.
    并不足以确保鸟类有一个光明的未来
  173. They also drew on a rather flamboyant ancient behavior,
    它们还依赖于 一种相当引人注目的古老行为
  174. a behavior that ensures the survival of the fittest.
    这种行为能够确保最优秀者生存下来
  175. Courtship.
    求爱
  176. For the flamingos,
    对火烈鸟来说
  177. that means a dance-off...
    这就是一场舞蹈比赛
  178. and it's taken very seriously.
    它们对此非常认真
  179. The judges are extremely fussy.
    裁判极为挑剔
  180. And they need to be
    它们需要如此
  181. to choose the best mates.
    才能选出最佳配偶
  182. Birds had almost been wiped out with the rest of the dinosaurs.
    鸟类几乎全都与其它恐龙一起灭绝
  183. Instead, thanks to their feathery talents,
    然而由于羽毛的天赋
  184. they'd have a chance to rise.
    它们有机会崛起
  185. But their path would not be easy.
    但它们的道路不会平坦
  186. In the aftermath of the asteroid,
    小行星撞击之后
  187. global temperatures plunged by a staggering 25 degrees.
    全球气温骤降25度
  188. But thanks to their ability to survive the cold,
    但由于能够适应寒冷环境
  189. just a few million years after the impact,
    在撞击发生后仅几百万年
  190. the pine forests had returned.
    松树林就回来了
  191. Seeds ensured that the giant conifers from the days of the dinosaurs
    种子使恐龙时代的巨大针叶树
  192. made it through.
    存活了下来
  193. The greatest of them all, reaching over 100 meters into the air,
    其中最大的 高度超过100米
  194. were the redwoods.
    红杉
  195. Sheltered beneath the forests
    在森林的庇护之下
  196. was a group of warm-blooded animals
    有一群温血动物
  197. that had long hidden in the shadows.
    长♥期♥隐藏在阴影之中
  198. The mammals.
    哺乳动物
  199. At first, they were small creatures,
    起初 它们是小型生物
  200. similar to voles.
    与田鼠相仿
  201. With the dinosaurs gone, they were free to come out in the open.
    恐龙灭绝之后 它们可以自♥由♥地出来活动
  202. But just five million years after the asteroid,
    但是在小行星撞击之后仅500万年
  203. the pine forest became home to a new breed of creature.
    松树林就成为了新物种的家园
  204. And they still haunt our forests today.
    它们今天仍在我们的森林中出没
  205. The owls.
    猫头鹰
  206. Birds had turned from mere survivors into predators.
    鸟类从幸存者变为捕食者
  207. This is the great gray owl.
    这是乌林鸮
  208. She's armed with razor-sharp claws
    它有尖锐的爪子
  209. and even sharper eyesight...
    以及更敏锐的视力
  210. making her deadly on the wing.
    因此能够在飞行中击杀对手
  211. Able to fly in near silence,
    它能够几乎无声地飞行
  212. she listens for prey.
    它会倾听猎物的声音
  213. For tiny mammals, nowhere is safe.
    对于小型哺乳动物来说 哪里都不安全
  214. While the first owls were menacing the northern pine forests,
    第一批猫头鹰在北方的松树林肆虐时
  215. elsewhere, another important habitat was emerging.
    另一个重要的栖息地也在别处出现
  216. The asteroid had wiped out three-quarters of all Earth's plant and animal species.
    小行星 令地球上四分之三的动植物物种灭绝
  217. In the tropics, it took six million years,
    在热带地区 经过六百万年
  218. but life did eventually return.
    生命终于回归
  219. However, this time, it was totally different.
    然而 这一次完全不同
  220. The revival was powered by a huge increase...
    这次复苏的动力
  221. in the diversity of flowering plants.
    来自于开花植物多样性的剧增
  222. Richer than anything that had gone before...
    比任何已经灭绝的物种都更为丰富
  223. ...the tropical rainforests.
    热带雨林
  224. This thriving habitat
    这个繁荣的栖息地
  225. was built on the close relationship between flowers and their insect pollinators.
    以花与昆虫授粉者的密切关系为基础
  226. But there was a new arrival...
    但有一个新来者
  227. ...who muscled in on the insect's domain.
    向昆虫的领地发起进攻
  228. Using incredible flying skills,
    它们利用非凡的飞行技能
  229. they could navigate the complex world of the jungle.
    在丛林的复杂世界中穿梭
  230. They'd become miniature,
    它们变得非常微小
  231. granting them access to the flower's sweet nectar.
    因此能够采集到甜甜的花蜜
  232. And their descendants are still at it today.
    它们的后代 至今任保持着这样的行为方式
  233. The hummingbirds.
    蜂鸟
  234. To plunder the nectar,
    为了夺取蜂蜜
  235. they've evolved to hover just like insects...
    它们进化出像昆虫一样的悬停能力
  236. ...beating wings at 80 times a second.
    翅膀每秒煽动80次
  237. Elongated beaks allow them to feed on a kaleidoscope of different flowers.
    长长的喙使它们能够吸食各种花朵
  238. The hummingbirds outmaneuver many of their insect rivals.
    蜂鸟比许多昆虫对手更灵活
  239. But all this activity comes with a huge thirst for energy.
    但所有这些活动都需要大量的能量
  240. So the best flowers are worth fighting for.
    因此大家竞相争夺最好的花朵
  241. Beaks double as weapons.
    喙也可以当作武器
  242. But one species of hummingbird has no need to battle.
    但有一种蜂鸟不需要战斗
  243. It has an extraordinary adaptation
    它拥有一种非凡的适应性
  244. that leaves the competition standing.
    令竞争对手毫无机会
  245. Enter the swordbill.
    剑嘴蜂鸟
  246. He boasts an impressively long appendage.
    它有一个极长的附属器官
  247. His beak is like a key in a lock,
    它的喙就像开锁的钥匙
  248. so only he can enjoy the hard-to-reach nectar of the angel trumpet flower.
    所以只有它能够享用 难以触及的天使喇叭花花蜜
  249. In the ages following the apocalypse,
    大灾变之后的岁月中
  250. giant dinosaurs may have no longer roamed the forest,
    巨大的恐龙也许不再主宰森林
  251. but their tiny cousins had recolonized them
    但它们的小表弟以一种全新的方式
  252. in a completely new way.
    重新占领了森林
  253. But becoming small wouldn't work in every part of the planet.
    但变小并不适用于地球的每一个地方
  254. The death of the dinosaurs
    恐龙的灭绝
  255. had left many of Earth's great habitats free for the taking.
    使地球上许多重要的栖息地 变得唾手可得
  256. None more so than the plains.
    平原尤其如此
  257. And in early South America, 46 million years after the asteroid,
    在早期的南美 小行星撞击的4600万年后
  258. ground-dwelling birds had the space
    居住在地上的鸟类有了空间
  259. to evolve into the deadliest predator since Tyrannosaurus rex.
    进化成了 自霸王龙以来最致命的捕食者
  260. Stalking among the glades of palms...
    它们在棕榈林地中潜伏
  261. ...it has inherited the most aggressive traits from its ancient bloodline.
    继承了 来自古老血脉的最具侵略性的特征
  262. In the clearing, a herd of early mammals graze.
    空地上 一群早期哺乳动物在吃草
  263. Theosodon,
    滑距貘
  264. about the size of a modern-day llama.
    大小与现代美洲驼相仿
  265. An adult female keeps a keen watch.
    一只成年雌性在警惕地观察
  266. But she hasn't seen...
    但它没有看到…
  267. the terror bird.
    骇鸟
  268. With a head like a pickaxe and standing two and a half meters tall,
    骇鸟的头像锄头 站立高达2.5米
  269. it sacrificed flight for raw power.
    它放弃了飞行以换取纯粹的力量
  270. She senses something is wrong.
    它感觉到有些不对劲
  271. But the terror bird moves in near silence.
    但是骇鸟的行动悄无声息
  272. The hunt is on.
    捕猎开始
  273. Able to rapidly accelerate to 50 kilometers an hour...
    它能够很快加速到每小时50公里
  274. he's picked out a youngster trailing behind.
    它选择了一只落在后面的幼崽
  275. Using the weight of his giant head,
    它利用自己巨大头部的重量
  276. he's a master at changing direction.
    非常善于变向
  277. Time to deliver the final blow.
    最后一击的时间到了
  278. The savage terror birds now dominated the plains of South America.
    野蛮的骇鸟统治着南美洲的平原
  279. But on the other side of the world,
    但在世界的另一边
  280. the ever-shifting continents
    不断飘移的大♥陆♥
  281. were writing a new chapter in the story of life.
    正在书写生命故事的新篇章
  282. Australia had been heading north for millions of years.
    澳大利亚已经向北漂移了数百万年
  283. As it did so, it created a vast shallow sea.
    在这个过程中 形成了一片广阔的浅海
  284. A new cradle of life.
    这是一个新的生命摇篮
  285. Part plant...
    部分是植物
  286. part animal...
    部分是动物
  287. these are the corals.
    这些是珊瑚
  288. Using energy from the Sun,
    它们利用太阳能
  289. they formed the largest living structure our planet has ever seen...
    形成地球史上最大的生物结构
  290. the tropical reefs.
    热带珊瑚礁
  291. Fifteen million years ago, these giant marine cities
    1500万年前 这些巨大的海洋城市
  292. offered opportunity to a wealth of survivors.
    为众多幸存者提供了机遇
  293. From the depths came the sharks.
    鲨鱼从深处游来
  294. The reefs also drew in some of the last remaining marine reptiles...
    珊瑚礁也吸引了 一些最后幸存的海洋爬行动物
  295. the turtles.
    海龟
  296. Within this underwater paradise,
    在这个水下天堂
  297. countless new kinds of fish also evolved.
    无数种新的鱼类也进化了
  298. The growing abundance soon spilled out to the wider ocean...
    不断增长的丰富资源 很快蔓延到更广阔的海洋
  299. filling it with life.
    令其充满生机
  300. And this had not gone unnoticed...
    这也没有逃过…
  301. by one relentless dynasty.
    一个坚韧不拔的物种的注意
  302. Yet again, the birds.
    又是鸟类
  303. More specifically, seabirds.
    更确切地说是海鸟
  304. Millions of years ago,
    数百万年前
  305. they found a spectacular way
    它们找到了一个神奇的方法
  306. to plunder the ocean's bounty...
    来掠夺海洋的丰富资源
  307. ...with an aerial invasion.
    空袭
  308. And it's still happening today.
    如今依然如此
  309. The greatest invaders of them all...
    其中最伟大的入侵者
  310. ...are the gannets.
    是大鲣鸟
  311. Their keen vision means they can spot a ball of fish a mile away.
    敏锐的视力 令其能在1.6公里外发现鱼群
  312. Diving from altitude,
    它们从空中俯冲
  313. they pierce the surface at close to 90 kilometers an hour.
    以接近每小时90公里的速度刺入水面
  314. A specially adapted skull
    专门进化了的颅骨
  315. and retractable wings
    和可收起的翅膀
  316. turn them into living missiles.
    将其变成了活导弹
  317. What's more,
    此外
  318. gannets can hold their breath for more than 40 seconds.
    大鲣鸟可以屏住呼吸超过40秒
  319. These ancient seabirds are master hunters.
    这些古老的海鸟是捕猎大♥师♥
  320. Their aerial assault allows them to compete with the ocean's greatest predators,
    空袭令其能够 与海洋中最强大的捕食者竞争
  321. the sharks.
    鲨鱼
  322. Feeding frenzies like these are still some of nature's grandest spectacles,
    这样的疯狂进食 如今仍是大自然最宏伟的景象之一
  323. just as they were 15 million years ago.
    与1500万年前别无二致
  324. Dinosaurs never conquered the oceans,
    恐龙从未征服海洋
  325. but their avian descendants finally found a way.
    但它们的禽类后代终于找到了办法
  326. Their conquest of the seas was so successful,
    它们对海洋的征服非常成功
  327. seabirds established vast colonies across the planet...
    海鸟在全球各地建立了广大的群落
  328. now some of the most incredible gatherings of life on Earth.
    其中有一些如今成为 地球上最不可思议的生命聚集
  329. But the birds' triumph over the oceans was not quite complete.
    但鸟类对海洋的征服并不彻底
  330. Their crowning achievement
    它们的巅峰成就
  331. can best be seen in a world lost in time.
    可以在一个迷失在时间中的世界 得以最好的展现
  332. The Galapagos Islands.
    加拉帕戈斯群岛
  333. These are marine iguanas,
    这是海鬣蜥
  334. descendants of lizards that survived the asteroid.
    小行星撞击之后 幸存的蜥蜴后代
  335. Like most reptiles, they must bask in the sun to warm up.
    与多数爬行动物一样 它们必须晒太阳以保暖
  336. But they're not the only sunbathers here.
    但在这里晒太阳的不只有它们
  337. They're joined by an extraordinary bird.
    还有一种非同一般的鸟
  338. The penguin.
    企鹅
  339. And this is the Galapagos penguin.
    这是加拉帕戈斯企鹅
  340. Over tens of millions of years, its ancestors repurposed their wings,
    经过数千万年 它们的祖先改变了翅膀的用途
  341. fine-tuning them to no longer fly in the air,
    不再将其用于飞行
  342. but to pull off something remarkable...
    而是另有它用
  343. beneath the waves.
    在水下使用
  344. Underwater flight.
    水下飞行
  345. Penguins have sublime buoyancy control...
    企鹅拥有卓越的浮力控制能力
  346. and one of the most streamlined bodies of any animal,
    以及动物中最流线型的身体
  347. making them the world's greatest swimming birds.
    这使它们成为 世界上最伟大的会游泳的鸟类
  348. Scanning for fish, it hovers like a hummingbird...
    寻找鱼类时 它们像蜂鸟一样
  349. with perfect poise.
    完全悬停
  350. In contrast, the cold-blooded iguanas are slow and sluggish...
    相比之下 冷血的海鬣蜥动作迟缓
  351. restricted to feeding on low-energy kelp...
    只能以低能量的海藻为食
  352. at the whim of the currents.
    还要看洋流的脸色
  353. The warm-blooded penguins couldn't be more different...
    温血的企鹅则完全不同
  354. with their speed and agility...
    凭借其速度和敏捷度
  355. chasing down fish with ease.
    能够轻松地追捕鱼类
  356. Underwater flight
    水下飞行
  357. allowed the penguins to exploit the seas like never before.
    使企鹅能够 以前所未有的方法利用海洋
  358. Their strategy has been so successful,
    它们的策略非常成功
  359. they've colonized all the continents of the Southern Hemisphere...
    已经在南半球所有的大♥陆♥上建立群落
  360. ...evolving into the 18 different species we know today.
    进化成 我们今天所知的18个不同的物种
  361. The final epic chapter for the birds,
    对鸟类来说 这是最终的史诗篇章
  362. a dynasty that was almost wiped out.
    要知道 这个王朝曾濒临灭绝
  363. But thanks to the few survivors of the dinosaur family tree,
    但由于恐龙族谱中的少数幸存者
  364. birds rose from the ashes.
    鸟类从灰烬中重生
  365. Over 66 million years,
    在6600万年中
  366. they've reinvented themselves into a myriad of forms.
    它们以无数种形态重塑自我
  367. Today, 10,000 species strong,
    如今 鸟类有超过一万个物种
  368. they've found a way to thrive in almost every corner of the planet.
    几乎在地球上的每一个角落繁荣发展
  369. But they are not the only ones to have conquered the world.
    但征服世界的不只有它们
  370. Not so long ago,
    在不久之前
  371. the Americas were still at the mercy of the terror birds.
    美洲仍在骇鸟的蹂躏之下
  372. But these apex predators would soon become the prey.
    但这些顶级捕食者很快就会成为猎物
  373. Other survivors of the asteroid had also been evolving.
    小行星撞击的其它幸存者也在进化
  374. No longer in the shadow of the dinosaurs...
    不再生活在恐龙的阴影之下
  375. ...they'd grown bigger and more dangerous.
    它们变得越来越大 越来越危险
  376. It was time for the rise of the mammals.
    哺乳动物崛起的时候到了
  377. [The End]
    [本集结束]
0 Answers