had

380 篇文章
Volcanoes had been erupting for millions of years.
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Volcanoes had been erupting for millions of years. 火山已经喷发了数百万年

Instead, vast clouds of methane had turned the atmosphere yellow.
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Instead, vast clouds of methane had turned the atmosphere yellow. 恰恰相反 巨大的甲烷云将大气变为黄色

Here, shielded from the storms, life had taken hold...
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Here, shielded from the storms, life had taken hold... 这里远离风暴 生命已经扎根

none of these survivors would have had a chance to rule.
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none of these survivors would have had a chance to rule. 这些幸存者都不可能有机会统治世界

Under the dinosaurs, they had been a mere footnote in history.
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Under the dinosaurs, they had been a mere footnote in history. 与恐龙相比 它们只是历史上的一个注脚

if conditions on Earth had remained the same.
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if conditions on Earth had remained the same. 今天恐龙可能仍在统治世界

Perhaps uniquely, our planet had just the right conditions.
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Perhaps uniquely, our planet had just the right conditions. 也许我们的星球 独一无二地具备了适宜的条件

Life and all its incredible variety had to start somewhere.
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Life and all its incredible variety had to start somewhere. 生命及其难以置信的多样性 必然有其起源

The city of lagos had a population of 700,000 in 1960.
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The city of lagos had a population of 700,000 in 1960. 拉哥斯的人口在1960年只有七十万

They then had to face widespread soil erosion.
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They then had to face widespread soil erosion. 导致大量水土流失